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Council under St Gregory Palamas' vindication (held by many as the Ninth Ecumenical)Disputed

Council of Constantinople (1351)

Σύνοδος ἐν Κωνσταντινουπόλει

Date
1351
Location
Constantinople

Vindicated St Gregory Palamas and the distinction between God's unknowable essence and His uncreated energies, against Barlaam and Akindynos.

Historical background

  • The hesychast controversy over the vision of the divine light and the knowability of God culminated in a series of councils at Constantinople.

Principal dispute

  • Whether the light of Tabor and the grace of God are created or the uncreated energies of God.

Dogmatic result

  • The essence and energies distinction was affirmed; the energies are uncreated and truly God, while the essence remains imparticipable.

Heresies and persons condemned

  • Barlaam of Calabria and Gregory Akindynos, that the divine light and grace of God are created.

Later reception

  • Its Tome was received into the Synodikon of Orthodoxy; many Orthodox writers count it among the great councils, some as the Ninth Ecumenical.

Related saints

Bibliography

  • The Synodal Tome of 1351 (PG 151).
  • J. Meyendorff, A Study of Gregory Palamas.