My son, envy not bad men, nor desire to be with them.
Υἱέ, μὴ ζηλώσῃς κακοὺς ἄνδρας, μηδὲ ἐπιθυμήσῃς εἶναι μετʼ αὐτῶν.
The Old Testament
ΠΑΡΟΙΜΙΑΙ ΣΟΛΟΜΩΝΤΟΣ · 24
81 Brenton verses
My son, envy not bad men, nor desire to be with them.
Υἱέ, μὴ ζηλώσῃς κακοὺς ἄνδρας, μηδὲ ἐπιθυμήσῃς εἶναι μετʼ αὐτῶν.
For their heart meditates falsehoods, and their lips speak mischiefs.
Ψευδῆ γὰρ μελετᾷ ἡ καρδία αὐτῶν, καὶ πόνους τὰ χείλη αὐτῶν λαλεῖ.
A house is built by wisdom, and is set up by understanding.
Μετὰ σοφίας οἰκοδομεῖται οἶκος, καὶ μετὰ συνέσεως ἀνορθοῦται.
By discretion the chambers are filled with all precious and excellent wealth.
Μετὰ αἰσθήσεως ἐμπίμπλανται ταμιεῖα ἐκ παντὸς πλούτου τιμίου καὶ καλοῦ.
A wise man is better than a strong man; and a man who has prudence than a large estate.
Κρείσσων σοφὸς ἰσχυροῦ, καὶ ἀνὴρ φρόνησιν ἔχων γεωργίου μεγάλου.
War is carried on with generalship, and aid is supplied to the heart of a counsellor.
Μετὰ κυβερνήσεως γίνεται πόλεμος, βοήθεια δὲ μετὰ καρδίας βουλευτικῆς.
Wisdom and good understanding are in the gates of the wise: the wise turn not aside from the mouth of the Lord,
Σοφία καὶ ἔννοια ἀγαθὴ ἐν πύλαις σοφῶν· σοφοὶ οὐκ ἐκκλίνουσιν ἐκ στόματος Κυρίου,
but deliberate in council. Death befalls uninstructed men.
ἀλλὰ λογίζονται ἐν συνεδρίοις· ἀπαιδεύτοις συναντᾷ θάνατος,
The fool also dies in sins; and uncleanness attaches to a pestilent man.
ἀποθνήσκει δὲ ἄφρων ἐν ἁμαρτίαις· ἀκαθαρσία δὲ ἀνδρὶ λοιμῷ,
He shall be defiled in the evil day, and in the day of affliction, until he be utterly consumed.
ἐμμολυνθήσεται ἐν ἡμέρᾳ κακῇ, καὶ ἐν ἡμέρᾳ θλίψεως ἕως ἂν ἐκλίπῃ.
Deliver them that are led away to death, and redeem them that are appointed to be slain; spare not thy help.
Ῥῦσαι ἀγομένους εἰς θάνατον, καὶ ἐκπρίου κτεινομένους, μὴ φείσῃ.
But if thou shouldest say, I know not this man; know that the Lord knows the hearts of all; and he that formed breath for all, he knows all things, who renders to every man according to his works.
Ἐὰν δὲ εἴπῃς, οὐκ οἶδα τοῦτον, γίνωσκε, ὅτι Κύριος καρδίας πάντων γινώσκει· καὶ ὁ πλάσας πνοὴν πᾶσιν, αὐτὸς οἶδε πάντα, ὃς ἀποδίδωσιν ἑκάστῳ κατὰ τὰ ἔργα αὐτοῦ.
My son, eat honey, for the honeycomb is good, that thy throat may be sweetened.
Φάγε μέλι υἱὲ, ἀγαθὸν γὰρ κηρίον, ἵνα γλυκανθῇ σου ὁ φάρυγξ.
Thus shalt thou perceive wisdom in thy soul: for if thou find it, thine end shall be good, and hope shall not fail thee.
Οὕτως αἰσθητήσῃ σοφίαν τῇ σῇ ψυχῇ· ἐὰν γὰρ εὕρῃς, ἔσται καλὴ ἡ τελευτή σου, καὶ ἐλπίς σε οὐκ ἐγκαταλείψει.
Bring not an ungodly man into the dwelling of the righteous: neither be deceived by the feeding of the belly.
Μὴ προσαγάγῃς ἀσεβῆ νομῇ δικαίων, μηδὲ ἀπατηθῇς χορτασίᾳ κοιλίας.
For a righteous man will fall seven times, and rise again: but the ungodly shall be without strength in troubles.
Ἑπτάκις γὰρ πεσεῖται δίκαιος καὶ ἀναστήσεται, οἱ δὲ ἀσεβεῖς ἀσθενήσουσιν ἐν κακοῖς.
If thine enemy should fall, rejoice not over him, neither be elated at his overthrow.
Ἐὰν πέσῃ ὁ ἐχθρός σου, μὴ ἐπιχαρῇς αὐτῷ, ἐν δὲ τῷ ὑποσκελίσματι αὐτοῦ μὴ ἐπαίρου.
For the Lord will see it, and it will not please him, and he will turn away his wrath from him.
Ὅτι ὄψεται Κύριος καὶ οὐκ ἀρέσει αὐτῷ, καὶ ἀποστρέψει τὸν θυμὸν αὐτοῦ ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ.
Rejoice not in evil-doers, neither be envious of sinners.
Μὴ χαῖρε ἐπὶ κακοποιοῖς, μηδὲ ζήλου ἁμαρτωλούς.
For the evil man shall have no posterity: and the light of the wicked shall be put out.
Οὐ γὰρ μὴ γένηται ἔκγονα πονηρῷ, λαμπτὴρ δὲ ἀσεβῶν σβεσθήσεται.
My son, fear God and the king; and do not disobey either of them.
Φοβοῦ τὸν Θεὸν υἱὲ, καὶ βασιλέα, καὶ μηθʼ ἑτέρῳ αὐτῶν ἀπειθήσῃς.
For they will suddenly punish the ungodly, and who can know the vengeance inflicted by both?
Ἐξαίφνης γὰρ τίσονται τοὺς ἀσεβεῖς, τὰς δὲ τιμωρίας ἀμφοτέρων τίς γνώσεται;
[A son that keeps the commandment shall escape destruction; for such an one has fully received it.
Λόγον φυλασσόμενος υἱὸς ἀπωλείας ἐκτὸς ἔσται, [δεχόμενος δὲ ἐδέξατο αὐτόν·
Let no falsehood be spoken by the king from the tongue; yea, let no falsehood proceed from his tongue.
μηδὲν ψεῦδος ἀπὸ γλώσσης βασιλεῖ λεγέσθω, καὶ οὐδὲν ψεῦδος ἀπὸ γλώσσης αὐτοῦ οὐ μή ἐξέλθῃ·
The king's tongue is a sword, and not one of flesh; and whosoever shall be given up to it shall be destroyed:
μάχαιρα γλῶσσα βασιλέως καὶ οὐ σαρκίνη, ὃς δʼ ἂν παραδοθῇ συντριβήσεται·
for if his wrath should be provoked, he destroys men with cords,
ἐὰν γὰρ ὀξυνθῇ ὁ θυμὸς αὐτοῦ, σὺν νεύροις ἀνθρώπους ἀναλίσκει,
and devours men's bones, and burns them up as a flame, so that they are not even fit to be eaten by the young eagles.
καὶ ὀστᾶ ἀνθρώπων κατατρώγει, καὶ συγκαίει ὥσπερ φλὸξ, ὥστε ἄβρωτα εἶναι νεοσσοῖς ἀετῶν·
My son, reverence my words, and receive them, and repent.] These things says the man to them that trust in God; and I cease.
τοὺς ἐμοὺς λόγους υἱὲ φοβήθητι, καὶ δεξάμενος αὐτοὺς μετανόει.] Τάδε λέγει ὁ ἀνὴρ τοῖς πιστεύουσι Θεῷ, καὶ παύομαι.
For I am the most simple of all men, and there is not in me the wisdom of men.
Ἀφρονέστατος γάρ εἰμι ἁπάντων ἀνθρώπων, καὶ φρόνησις ἀνθρώπων οὐκ ἔστιν ἐν ἐμοί.
God has taught me wisdom, and I know the knowledge of the holy.
Θεὸς δεδίδαχέ με σοφίαν, καὶ γνῶσιν ἁγίων ἔγνωκα.
Who has gone up to heaven, and come down? who has gathered the winds in his bosom? who has wrapped up the waters in a garment? who has dominion of all the ends of the earth? what is his name? or what is the name of his children?
Τίς ἀνέβη εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν καὶ κατέβη; τίς συνήγαγεν ἀνέμους ἐν κόλπῳ; τίς συνέστρεψεν ὕδωρ ἐν ἱματίῳ; τίς ἐκράτησε πάντων τῶν ἄκρων τῆς γῆς; τί ὄνομα αὐτῷ; ἢ τί ὄνομα τοῖς τέκνοις αὐτοῦ;
For all the words of God are tried in the fire, and he defends those that reverence him.
Πάντες γὰρ λόγοι Θεοῦ πεπυρωμένοι, ὑπερασπίζει δὲ αὐτὸς τῶν εὐλαβουμένων αὐτόν.
Add not unto his words, lest he reprove thee, and thou be made a liar.
Μὴ προσθῇς τοῖς λόγοις αὐτοῦ, ἵνα μὴ ἐλέγξῃ σε, καὶ ψευδὴς γένῃ.
Two things I ask of thee; take not favour from me before I die.
Δύο αἰτοῦμαι παρὰ σοῦ, μὴ ἀφέλῃς μου χάριν πρὸ τοῦ ἀποθανεῖν με.
Remove far from me vanity and falsehood: and give me not wealth or poverty; but appoint me what is needful and sufficient:
Μάταιον λόγον καὶ ψευδῆ μακράν μου ποίησον, πλοῦτον δὲ καὶ πενίαν μή μοι δῷς, σύνταξον δέ μοι τὰ δέοντα καὶ τὰ αὐτάρκη·
lest I be filled and become false, and say, Who sees me? or be poor and steal, and swear vainly by the name of God.
Ἵνα μὴ πλησθεὶς ψευδὴς γένωμαι, καὶ εἴπω, τίς με ὁρᾷ; ἢ πενηθεὶς κλέψω, καὶ ὀμόσω τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Θεοῦ.
Deliver not a servant into the hands of his master, lest he curse thee, and thou be utterly destroyed.
Μὴ παραδῷς οἰκέτην εἰς χεῖρας δεσπότου, μήποτε καταράσηταί σε καὶ ἀφανισθῇς.
A wicked generation curse their father, and do not bless their mother.
Ἔκγονον κακὸν πατέρα καταρᾶται, τὴς δὲ μητέρα οὐκ εὐλογεῖ.
A wicked generation judge themselves to be just, but do not cleanse their way.
Ἔκγονον κακὸν δίκαιον ἑαυτὸν κρίνει, τὴν δʼ ἔξοδον αὐτοῦ οὐκ ἀπένιψεν.
A wicked generation have lofty eyes, and exalt themselves with their eyelids.
Ἔκγονον κακὸν ὑψηλοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς ἔχει, τοῖς δὲ βλεφάροις αὐτοῦ ἐπαίρεται.
A wicked generation have swords for teeth and jaw-teeth as knives, so as to destroy and devour the lowly from the earth, and the poor of them from among men.
Ἔκγονον κακὸν μαχαίρας τοὺς ὀδόντας ἔχει, καὶ τὰς μύλας, τομίδας, ὥστε ἀναλίσκειν καὶ κατεσθίειν τοὺς ταπεινοὺς ἀπὸ τῆς γῆς, καὶ τοὺς πένητας αὐτῶν ἐξ ἀνθρώπων.
And this thing I say to you that are wise for you to learn: It is not good to have respect of persons in judgment.
Ταῦτα δὲ λέγω ὑμῖν τοῖς σοφοῖς ἐπιγινώσκειν· αἰδεῖσθαι πρόσωπον ἐν κρίσει οὐ καλόν.
He that says of the ungodly, He is righteous, shall be cursed by peoples, and hateful among the nations.
Ὁ εἰπὼν τὸν ἀσεβῆ, δίκαιός ἐστιν, ἐπικατάρατος λαοῖς ἔσται καὶ μισητὸς εἰς ἔθνη.
But they that reprove him shall appear more excellent, and blessing shall come upon them;
Οἱ δὲ ἐλέγχοντες βελτίους φανοῦνται, ἐπʼ αὐτοὺς δὲ ἥξει εὐλογία·
and men will kiss lips that answer well.
χείλη δὲ φιλήσουσιν ἀποκρινόμενα λόγους ἀγαθούς.
Prepare thy works for thy going forth, and prepare thyself for the field; and come after me, and thou shalt rebuild thine house.
Ἑτοίμαζε εἰς τὴν ἔξοδον τὰ ἔργα σου, καὶ παρασκευάζου εἰς τὸν ἀγρὸν, καὶ πορεύου κατόπισθέν μου, καὶ ἀνοικοδομήσεις τὸν οἶκόν σου.
Be not a false witness against thy fellow citizen, neither exaggerate with thy lips.
Μὴ ἴσθι ψευδὴς μάρτυς ἐπὶ σὸν πολίτην, μηδὲ πλατύνου σοῖς χείλεσι.
Say not, As he has treated me, so will I treat him, and I will avenge myself on him for that wherein he has injured me.
Μὴ εἴπῃς, ὃν τρόπον ἐχρήσατό μοι, χρήσομαι αὐτῷ, τίσομαι δὲ αὐτὸν ἅ με ἠδίκησεν.
A foolish man is like a farm, and a senseless man is like a vineyard.
Ὥσπερ γεώργιον ἀνὴρ ἄφρων, καὶ ὥσπερ ἀμπελὼν ἄνθρωπος ἐνδεὴς φρενῶν.
If thou let him alone, he will altogether remain barren and covered with weeds; and he becomes destitute, and his stone walls are broken down.
Ἐὰν ἀφῇς αὐτὸν, χερσωθήσεται καὶ χορτομανήσει ὅλος, καὶ γίνεται ἐκλελειμμένος, οἱ δὲ φραγμοὶ τῶν λίθων αὐτοῦ κατασκάπτονται.
Afterwards I reflected, I looked that I might receive instruction.
Ὕστερον ἐγὼ μετενόησα, ἐπέβλεψα τοῦ ἐκλέξασθαι παιδείαν.
The sluggard says, I slumber a little, and I sleep a little, and for a little while I fold my arms across my breast.
Ὀλίγον νυστάζω, ὀλίγον δὲ καθυπνῶ, ὀλίγον δὲ ἐναγκαλίζομαι χερσὶ στήθη.
But if thou do this, thy poverty will come speedily; and thy want like a swift courier.
Ἐὰν δὲ τοῦτο ποιῇς, ἥξει προπορευομένη ἡ πενία σου, καὶ ἡ ἔνδειά σου ὥσπερ ἀγαθὸς δρομεύς.
The horse-leech had three dearly-beloved daughters: and these three did not satisfy her; and the fourth was not contented so as to say, Enough.
Τῇ βδέλλῃ τρεῖς θυγατέρες ἦσαν ἀγαπήσει ἀγαπώμεναι, καὶ αἱ τρεῖς αὗται οὐκ ἐνεπίμπλασαν αὐτὴν, καὶ ἡ τετάρτη οὐκ ἠρκέσθη εἰπεῖν, ἱκανόν.
The grave, and the love of a woman, and the earth not filled with water; water also and fire will not say, It is enough.
Ἄδης καὶ ἔρως γυναικὸς, καὶ γῆ οὐκ ἐμπιπλαμένη ὕδατος, καὶ ὕδωρ καὶ πῦρ οὐ μὴ εἴπωσιν, ἀρκεῖ.
The eye that laughs to scorn a father, and dishonours the old age of a mother, let the ravens of the valleys pick it out, and let the young eagles devour it.
Ὀφθαλμὸν καταγελῶντα πατρὸς, καὶ ἀτιμάζοντα γῆρας μητρὸς, ἐκκόψαισαν αὐτὸν κόρακες ἐκ τῶν φαράγγων, καὶ καταφάγοισαν αὐτὸν νεοσσοὶ ἀετῶν.
Moreover there are three things impossible for me to comprehend, and the fourth I know not:
Τρία δέ ἐστιν ἀδύνατά μοι νοῆσαι, καὶ τὸ τέταρτον οὐκ ἐπιγινώσκω·
the track of a flying eagle; and the ways of a serpent on a rock; and the paths of a ship passing through the sea; and the ways of a man in youth.
Ἴχνη ἀετοῦ πετομένου, καὶ ὁδοὺς ὄφεως ἐπὶ πέτρας, καὶ τρίβους νηὸς ποντοπορούσης, καὶ ὁδοὺς ἀνδρὸς ἐν νεότητι.
Such is the way of an adulterous woman, who having washed herself from what she has done, says she has done nothing amiss.
Τοιαύτη ὁδὸς γυναικὸς μοιχαλίδος, ἣ ὅτʼ ἂν πράξῃ ἀπονιψαμένη, οὐδέν φησι πεπραχέναι ἄτοπον.
By three things the earth is troubled, and the fourth it cannot bear:
Διὰ τριῶν σείεται ἡ γῆ, τὸ δὲ τέταρτον οὐ δύναται φέρειν·
if a servant reign; or a fool be filled with food;
Ἐὰν οἰκέτης βασιλεύσῃ, καὶ ἄφρων πλησθῇ σιτίων,
or if a maid-servant should cast out her own mistress; and if a hateful woman should marry a good man.
καὶ οἰκέτις ἐὰν ἐκβάλῃ τὴν ἑαυτῆς κυρίαν, καὶ μισητὴ γυνὴ ἐὰν τύχῃ ἀνδρὸς ἀγαθοῦ.
And there are four very little things upon the earth, but these are wiser than the wise:
Τέσσαρα δὲ ἐλάχιστα ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, ταῦτα δέ ἐστι σοφώτερα τῶν σοφῶν·
the ants which are weak, and yet prepare their food in summer;
Οἱ μύρμηκες οἷς μή ἐστιν ἰσχὺς, καὶ ἑτοιμάζονται θέρους τὴν τροφήν·
the rabbits also are a feeble race, who make their houses in the rocks.
Καὶ οἱ χοιρογρύλλιοι ἔθνος οὐκ ἰσχυρὸν, οἳ ἐποιήσαντο ἐν πέτραις τοὺς ἑαυτῶν οἴκους·
The locusts have no king, and yet march orderly at one command.
Ἀβασίλευτόν ἐστιν ἡ ἀκρὶς, καὶ στρατεύει ἀφʼ ἑνὸς κελεύσματος εὐτάκτως·
And the eft, which supports itself by its hands, and is easily taken, dwells in the fortresses of kings.
Καὶ καλαβώτης χερσὶν ἐρειδόμενος, καὶ εὐάλωτος ὢν, κατοικεῖ ἐν ὀχυρώμασι βασιλέων.
And there are three things which go well, and a fourth which passes along finely.
Τρία δέ ἐστιν ἃ εὐόδως πορεύεται, καὶ τέταρτον ὃ καλῶς διαβαίνει·
A lion's whelp, stronger than all other beasts, which turns not away, nor fears any beast;
Σκύμνος λέοντος ἰσχυρότερος κτηνῶν, ὃς οὐκ ἀποστρέφεται, οὐδὲ καταπτήσσει κτῆνος·
and a cock walking in boldly among the hens, and a goat leading the herd; and a king publicly speaking before a nation.
Καὶ ἀλέκτωρ ἐμπεριπατῶν θηλείαις εὔψυχος, καὶ τράγος ἡγούμενος αἰπολίου, καὶ βασιλεὺς δημηγορῶν ἐν ἔθνει.
If thou abandon thyself to mirth, and stretch forth thine hand in a quarrel, thou shalt be disgraced.
Ἐὰν πρόῃ σεαυτὸν ἐν εὐφροσύνῃ, καὶ ἐκτείνῃς τὴν χεῖρά σου μετὰ μάχης, ἀτιμασθήσῃ.
Milk out milk, and there shall be butter, and if thou wring one's nostrils there shall come out blood: so if thou extort words, there will come forth quarrels and strifes.
Ἄμελγε γάλα, καὶ ἔσται βούτυρον· ἐὰν δὲ ἐκπιέζῃς μυκτῆρας ἐξελεύσεται αἷμα, ἐὰν δὲ ἐξέλκῃς λόγους, ἐξελεύσονται κρίσεις καὶ μάχαι.
My words have been spoken by God—the oracular answer of a king, whom his mother instructed.
Οἱ ἐμοὶ λόγοι εἴρηνται ὑπὸ Θεοῦ, βασιλέως χρηματισμὸς, ὃν ἐπαίδευσεν ἡ μήτηρ αὐτοῦ.
What wilt thou keep, my son, what? the words of God. My firstborn son, I speak to thee: what? son of my womb? what? son of my vows?
Τί τέκνον τηρήσεις; τί; ῥήσεις Θεοῦ· πρωτογενὲς σοὶ λέγω υἱέ· τί τέκνον ἐμῆς κοιλίας; τί τέκνον ἐμῶν εὐχῶν;
Give not thy wealth to women, nor thy mind and living to remorse. Do all things with counsel: drink wine with counsel.
Μὴ δῷς γυναιξὶ σὸν πλοῦτον, καὶ τὸν σὸν νοῦν καὶ βίον εἰς ὑστεροβουλίαν·
Princes are prone to anger: let them then not drink wine:
μετὰ βουλῆς πάντα ποίει, μετὰ βουλῆς οἰνοπότει. Οἱ δυνάσται θυμώδεις εἰσὶν, οἶνον δὲ μὴ πινέτωσαν,
lest they drink, and forget wisdom, and be not able to judge the poor rightly.
ἵνα μὴ πιόντες ἐπιλάθωνται τῆς σοφίας, καὶ ὀρθὰ κρῖναι οὐ μὴ δύνωνται τοὺς ἀσθενεῖς.
Give strong drink to those that are in sorrow, and the wine to drink to those in pain:
Δίδοτε μέθην τοῖς ἐν λύπαις, καὶ οἶνον πίνειν τοῖς ἐν ὀδύναις,
that they may forget their poverty, and may not remember their troubles any more.
ἵνα ἐπιλάθωνται τῆς πενίας, καὶ τῶν πόνων μὴ μνησθῶσιν ἔτι.
Open thy mouth with the word of God, and judge all fairly.
Ἄνοιγε σὸν στόμα λόγῳ Θεοῦ, καὶ κρίνε πάντας ὑγιῶς.
Open thy mouth and judge justly, and plead the cause of the poor and weak.
Ἄνοιγε σὸν στόμα καὶ κρίνε δικαίως, διάκρινε δὲ πένητα καὶ ἀσθενῆ.
Brenton supplied wording, small capitals, translation notes, Greek wording, and edition-specific verse identifiers are retained. Parallel passages keep each edition's own references. Editions and sources.